1. SPF (Sender Policy Framework)
SPF defines which servers are allowed to send emails for your domain.
v=spf1 include:_spf.google.com -all
If an email is sent from an unauthorized server, it will fail verification.
2. DKIM (DomainKeys Identified Mail)
DKIM adds a digital signature to your emails.
- Your server signs emails with a private key
- A public key is stored in your DNS
- Receiving servers verify the signature
This ensures the email hasn’t been altered and is truly from your domain.
3. DMARC (Protection Layer)
DMARC tells servers what to do if SPF or DKIM fails.
v=DMARC1; p=reject;
Policies:
- none → monitor only
- quarantine → send to spam
- reject → block spoofed emails
Conclusion
By combining SPF, DKIM, and DMARC, you can effectively prevent email spoofing on your domain.